Trail Packed

Travel gear and packing guides for lighter, easier trips

Author: Trail Packed Team

  • eSIM vs. Local SIM Card: How to Stay Connected Abroad

    eSIM vs. Local SIM Card: How to Stay Connected Abroad

    Staying connected abroad used to mean expensive roaming or hunting for a phone shop at the airport. Today travelers can choose from their carrier’s international plans, local SIM cards and travel eSIMs that install before departure. Each option has trade-offs in cost, convenience and coverage.

    This guide explains how eSIMs and local SIMs work, what to check before you travel and how to choose. Plans, prices and features change often, so compare current options for your destination.

    Your Three Main Options

    1. Your Home Carrier’s International Plan

    Many carriers offer international day passes or plans that include some roaming. You keep your phone number and do not need to change anything.

    Pros: Simple, keeps your number, works on arrival.
    Cons: Can be more expensive for longer trips; speeds or data may be limited.

    2. A Local Physical SIM Card

    You buy a SIM from a carrier in your destination, often at airports, phone shops or convenience stores.

    Pros: Often good value for longer stays, local number for calls and texts.
    Cons: Requires finding a shop, may require registration with ID, and you swap out your home SIM.

    3. A Travel eSIM

    An eSIM is a digital SIM built into many modern phones. Travel eSIM providers sell data plans for specific countries or regions that you install by scanning a QR code or through an app.

    Pros: Buy and install before you leave, keep your home SIM active, no physical swapping, easy to switch plans.
    Cons: Many are data-only, not every phone supports eSIM, and setup requires some care.

    How eSIMs Work

    An eSIM stores carrier profiles digitally. Many phones can hold multiple eSIM profiles and use two lines at once, such as your home line for calls and texts and a travel eSIM for data. You manage these in your phone’s settings.

    Check Phone Compatibility

    Before buying an eSIM or local SIM:

    • Confirm your phone supports eSIM. Many recent iPhones, Google Pixels and Samsung Galaxy phones do, but not all models or regional versions.
    • Make sure your phone is unlocked. A carrier-locked phone may not accept other carriers’ SIMs or eSIMs. Contact your carrier to check or request unlocking.
    • Check network bands. Most modern phones work broadly, but compatibility can vary in some regions.

    Data-Only vs. Plans With a Number

    Many travel eSIMs provide data only. You can still use internet calling and messaging apps such as WhatsApp, FaceTime or Signal. If you need a local phone number for restaurant reservations, ride services or local contacts, a local SIM or an eSIM with a number may be better.

    Setting Up a Travel eSIM

    1. Buy the plan from a provider for your destination.
    2. Install the eSIM before departure while you have Wi-Fi, usually by scanning a QR code or using the provider’s app.
    3. Label the line in your settings, such as “Travel.”
    4. Keep it turned off until you arrive if the plan starts on activation or connection.
    5. On arrival, turn on the travel eSIM, set it as your data line and enable data roaming for that line if instructed.
    6. Keep your home line on for calls and texts if you want, but turn off data roaming on it to avoid charges.

    Follow the provider’s instructions, since steps vary.

    Avoiding Surprise Roaming Charges

    • Turn off data roaming on your home line if you are using another line for data.
    • Check your carrier’s policy on incoming calls and texts while abroad.
    • Use Wi-Fi calling where supported, but check how your carrier bills it.
    • Monitor data use in your phone’s settings.

    Choosing Data Amount

    Data needs depend on your habits:

    • Light use: Maps, messaging and email
    • Moderate use: Social media, browsing and occasional video calls
    • Heavy use: Streaming, hotspot use and frequent video calls

    Download offline maps, playlists and entertainment before leaving to reduce data use. Many providers let you top up if you run low.

    Coverage and Speed

    Coverage depends on the local network partner. Some eSIM providers list which networks they use. Reading recent traveler reviews for your destination can help. Speeds vary by location and network load.

    Multi-Country Trips

    Regional eSIMs cover multiple countries, which is convenient for trips across Europe or Southeast Asia. Compare regional plans with single-country plans and your carrier’s international options.

    When a Local SIM Makes Sense

    • Long stays where local plans offer better value
    • You need a local number
    • Your phone does not support eSIM
    • Local carriers offer plans unavailable through travel eSIMs

    Some countries require ID registration for SIM cards. Bring your passport.

    When Your Carrier Plan Makes Sense

    • Short trips where convenience matters most
    • You need your home number for calls and texts
    • Business travel where you are reimbursed

    Security Tips

    • Buy from reputable providers.
    • Avoid public Wi-Fi for sensitive tasks, or use protections you trust.
    • Set a SIM PIN on physical SIMs to protect against misuse if your phone is lost.
    • Keep your phone’s software updated.

    Combining Options

    Many travelers use a travel eSIM for data and keep their home line active for calls and two-factor authentication texts. Others use their carrier’s day pass for short trips and an eSIM for longer ones.

    Related Gear

    Do not forget a charger and adapter. See travel adapters and chargers. If you track luggage, see our luggage trackers guide.

    A Pre-Trip Connectivity Checklist

    • Confirm your phone is unlocked and supports eSIM
    • Compare your carrier’s international options with travel eSIMs or local SIMs
    • Install any eSIM while on Wi-Fi before departure
    • Note your eSIM details, such as the plan name and provider support contacts
    • Download offline maps and translation packs
    • Make sure you can receive two-factor authentication codes while abroad, or set up app-based authentication
    • Turn off data roaming on your home line once your travel line is active

    Troubleshooting Common Problems

    If your travel eSIM does not connect on arrival, check that the line is turned on, set as the data line and has data roaming enabled if the provider requires it. Restart your phone, and check whether the network can be selected manually. If problems continue, contact the provider using Wi-Fi.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Can I use an eSIM and keep my number?

    Many phones support dual SIM, so you can keep your home line active while using a travel eSIM for data.

    Do travel eSIMs include calls?

    Many are data-only. Use internet calling apps or choose a plan with a number.

    What if my phone is locked?

    Contact your carrier about unlocking before travel.

    Should I install the eSIM before I leave?

    Many providers recommend installing before departure while on Wi-Fi.

    Are local SIM cards cheaper?

    Sometimes, especially for long stays. Compare current prices for your destination.

    The Bottom Line

    Travel eSIMs offer convenience, local SIM cards can offer value and a local number, and carrier plans offer simplicity. Check that your phone is unlocked and eSIM compatible, install before departure, turn off roaming on your home line and choose data based on your habits.

    Editorial note: Trail Packed is independent and reader-supported. This guide is based on research into manufacturer documentation, published specifications and widely accepted best practices; we have not been paid to mention any product. If we add affiliate links in the future, they will be clearly disclosed per our Affiliate Disclosure.

  • How to Choose a Travel Backpack: Size, Fit and Features

    How to Choose a Travel Backpack: Size, Fit and Features

    A good travel backpack lets you move easily through airports, train stations and city streets with your hands free. Unlike hiking packs, travel backpacks are designed for organization and easy packing, often opening like a suitcase. With so many styles on the market, choosing the right one depends on your trips, your body and how you pack.

    This guide explains the features that matter so you can choose a travel backpack that fits your needs.

    Travel Backpacks vs. Hiking Backpacks

    • Hiking backpacks are often tall, top-loading and built for carrying heavy loads on trails, with strong hip belts and frames.
    • Travel backpacks often have clamshell openings, laptop compartments, lockable zippers and stowable straps, and are sized for airline carry-on limits.

    If your trip includes multi-day trekking, a hiking pack may be better. For city travel and flights, a travel backpack is usually more convenient.

    Choosing Capacity

    Backpack capacity is measured in liters.

    • 20 to 30 liters: Daypacks and personal items, or minimal packers on short trips
    • 30 to 40 liters: A common range for one-bag carry-on travel
    • 40 to 45 liters: Maximum size for many carry-on limits; best for longer trips or bulkier clothing
    • Over 45 liters: Often too large for carry-on and better suited to checked luggage or trekking

    Larger is not always better. A big bag invites overpacking and can be heavy to carry. Many travelers find 30 to 40 liters is a good balance.

    Carry-On Compatibility

    Airlines set carry-on dimensions, not liter limits. A 40 liter backpack from one brand may be shaped differently from another. Check the bag’s dimensions against your airline’s limits. Soft backpacks can sometimes compress, but when fully packed they may exceed limits. Budget airlines often have smaller limits.

    See our carry-on packing list for packing within limits.

    Opening Style

    Clamshell Opening

    The bag unzips fully like a suitcase, letting you see and reach everything. This is popular for travel because packing and unpacking are easy.

    Top Loading

    The bag opens at the top, like a hiking pack. It can be harder to reach items at the bottom, but the design is often simpler and sometimes lighter.

    Hybrid Designs

    Some packs combine a top-loading main compartment with side or front access zippers.

    Fit and Comfort

    A pack that fits well feels lighter.

    Torso Length

    Some travel packs come in multiple sizes or have adjustable harnesses for different torso lengths. If you are particularly tall or short, look for adjustable options.

    Shoulder Straps

    Padded, contoured straps spread the load. Some designs are shaped for different body types.

    Hip Belt

    A hip belt transfers weight to your hips, which helps with heavier loads. Many travel packs have removable or stowable hip belts.

    Sternum Strap

    A sternum strap helps stabilize the shoulder straps.

    Back Panel

    Padded or ventilated back panels improve comfort, especially in warm weather.

    Try packs with weight in them if possible. Many outdoor and travel stores have weighted bags for testing.

    Organization Features

    • Laptop compartment, ideally separate and easy to reach for security screening
    • Quick-access pockets for passports and phones
    • Internal mesh pockets for small items
    • Water bottle pocket
    • Compression straps to reduce size when the bag is not full

    Some travelers prefer a simple main compartment combined with packing cubes. See are packing cubes worth it?

    Stowable Straps

    Some travel packs have straps that tuck behind a panel. This is helpful if you must check the bag or want to carry it like a duffel.

    Materials and Durability

    Common materials include nylon and polyester in various weights. Look for:

    • Water-resistant fabrics and coatings
    • Durable zippers, such as well-known brands
    • Reinforced stitching
    • Warranty coverage

    Note that most backpacks are water resistant, not waterproof. A rain cover can help in heavy rain.

    Security Features

    • Lockable zippers
    • Hidden pockets against your back
    • Slash-resistant materials on some packs

    Practical habits matter as much as features, such as keeping the bag in sight and wearing it on your front in crowded places.

    Weight of the Pack

    Empty pack weight matters for carry-on weight limits and comfort. Feature-rich packs with frames and padding weigh more. Balance features with weight.

    Pairing With a Daypack

    Many travelers carry a small daypack or sling for day trips, either packed inside or as their personal item. See our personal item bag guide.

    Backpack or Wheeled Bag?

    Backpacks work well for:

    • Cobblestones and stairs
    • Multi-city trips with trains and buses
    • Hands-free movement

    Wheeled bags work well for:

    • Smooth airports and hotels
    • Heavier loads
    • Travelers who prefer not to carry weight on their backs

    See carry-on vs. checked bag and hardside vs. softside luggage.

    Questions to Ask Before Buying

    • What airlines do I fly most, and what are their limits?
    • How long are my typical trips?
    • Do I need a laptop compartment?
    • Will I walk long distances with the bag?
    • Do I want clamshell access?

    Trying On a Travel Backpack

    When you shop in person, load the pack with weight similar to what you will carry. Loosen all straps, put the pack on, then tighten the hip belt first if it has one, followed by the shoulder straps, load lifters and sternum strap. Walk around for several minutes, climb stairs if possible and notice any pressure points.

    If you buy online, check the return policy before you order. Pack it at home with your usual travel items and walk around your neighborhood before removing tags.

    Common Mistakes When Buying

    • Choosing by liters alone without checking dimensions
    • Buying the largest pack allowed, which invites overpacking
    • Ignoring empty weight when airlines have weight limits
    • Skipping fit adjustments that make a heavier pack comfortable
    • Overlooking warranty and repair options

    Caring for Your Pack

    Empty the pack after each trip, shake out debris and spot clean with mild soap. Air dry fully before storing. Check zippers and buckles for damage and contact the manufacturer about repairs if needed.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What size backpack is carry-on friendly?

    Many travelers use 30 to 40 liter packs, but check dimensions against airline limits.

    Is a 45 liter backpack allowed as carry-on?

    Some are sized to common limits, but not all airlines allow them, especially budget carriers.

    Do I need a hip belt?

    A hip belt helps with heavier loads and long walks.

    Are travel backpacks waterproof?

    Most are water resistant. Use a rain cover in heavy rain.

    Can I use a hiking backpack for travel?

    Yes, though access and organization may be less convenient.

    The Bottom Line

    Choose a travel backpack by capacity, airline dimensions, fit and organization. For many travelers, a 30 to 40 liter clamshell pack with a comfortable harness and a laptop sleeve works well. Try packs with weight in them and match the bag to how you travel.

    Editorial note: Trail Packed is independent and reader-supported. This guide is based on research into manufacturer documentation, published specifications and widely accepted best practices; we have not been paid to mention any product. If we add affiliate links in the future, they will be clearly disclosed per our Affiliate Disclosure.

  • Carry-On Packing List: How to Travel With Just One Bag

    Carry-On Packing List: How to Travel With Just One Bag

    Traveling with only a carry-on can make trips simpler. You skip the baggage carousel, avoid checked bag fees on many fares and move through stations and streets more easily. The trade-off is that every item has to earn its place.

    This guide gives you a flexible carry-on packing list, a simple clothing formula and tips for fitting everything in. Rules vary by airline, fare type and route, so always check your airline’s size and weight limits before you pack.

    Start With the Rules

    Before you choose what to pack, confirm:

    • Carry-on size limits. Many US airlines list carry-on limits around 22 x 14 x 9 inches including wheels and handles, but limits differ, especially on international and budget carriers.
    • Weight limits. Some airlines, particularly outside the US, set carry-on weight limits.
    • Personal item allowance. Many fares allow a small personal item that fits under the seat. Some basic fares do not include a full-size carry-on.
    • Liquids rules. In the US, the TSA 3-1-1 rule applies to most liquids in carry-on bags. See our guide to travel toiletries and liquids.

    Knowing these limits shapes everything else, including which bag you bring. See carry-on vs. checked bag if you are deciding between the two.

    Choose the Right Bag

    A carry-on can be a wheeled suitcase or a travel backpack.

    • Wheeled carry-ons roll easily through airports and keep weight off your shoulders.
    • Travel backpacks handle stairs, cobblestones and crowded trains better.

    Pair your main bag with a personal item for things you want at your seat. See how to choose a travel backpack and our personal item bag guide.

    A Simple Clothing Formula

    Clothing takes up most of the space. A formula keeps you from overpacking. For a trip of about one week:

    • Tops: 4 to 5
    • Bottoms: 2 to 3
    • Underwear: 5 to 7, or fewer if you plan to wash
    • Socks: 4 to 5 pairs
    • Sleepwear: 1 set
    • Layer: 1 sweater or fleece
    • Outer layer: 1 jacket suited to the weather
    • Shoes: 2 pairs, one worn and one packed

    For longer trips, plan to do laundry rather than packing more. Many travelers pack for about a week and wash as needed.

    Choose a Color Palette

    Pick two or three base colors that work together so every top matches every bottom. Neutral colors hide wrinkles and stains and mix easily.

    Favor Versatile Fabrics

    Fabrics that resist wrinkles, dry quickly and handle odors well, such as merino wool and many synthetic blends, can be worn more than once and washed in a sink. Heavy denim and bulky knits take more space.

    Wear Your Bulkiest Items

    Wear your heaviest shoes and jacket on travel days to free up space in your bag.

    Toiletries

    Keep toiletries minimal:

    • Toothbrush and toothpaste
    • Deodorant
    • Shampoo and conditioner, or solid bars
    • Face wash and moisturizer
    • Sunscreen
    • Razor, following airline and TSA rules
    • Hairbrush or comb
    • Any medications, in original containers where possible
    • Small first-aid basics such as bandages

    Many hotels provide basics like shampoo and soap, so check before you pack them. Solid toiletries do not count toward liquid limits in many places.

    Tech and Chargers

    • Phone and charger
    • Charging cable for each device, or a multi-device charger
    • Power bank, carried in the cabin, since most airlines prohibit spare lithium batteries in checked bags
    • Plug adapter for international trips
    • Headphones
    • E-reader or tablet if you use one

    See travel adapters and chargers for help choosing.

    Documents and Essentials

    • Passport or ID
    • Boarding passes, digital or printed
    • Credit or debit cards and some local currency
    • Travel insurance details if you have a policy
    • Copies of important documents stored separately or securely in the cloud
    • Accommodation and transport confirmations
    • Pen for arrival forms

    Personal Item Essentials

    Keep these within reach at your seat:

    • Documents and wallet
    • Phone, charger and headphones
    • Medications
    • A light layer for cold cabins
    • Empty water bottle to fill after security
    • Snacks
    • Comfort items. See our long-flight comfort kit.

    Packing Techniques

    Rolling vs. Folding

    Rolling works well for soft, casual clothing and can reduce some wrinkles. Folding works better for structured items like button-down shirts. Many travelers combine both.

    Packing Cubes

    Packing cubes group items and make unpacking easier. Compression cubes can save some space. See are packing cubes worth it?

    Fill Empty Spaces

    Stuff socks inside shoes and use gaps along the edges of the bag for small items.

    Pack Heavy Items at the Wheels or Back

    In wheeled bags, place heavy items near the wheels. In backpacks, keep heavy items close to your back for better balance.

    What to Leave at Home

    • “Just in case” outfits
    • More than two pairs of extra shoes
    • Full-size toiletries
    • Bulky towels, unless your lodging does not provide them
    • Items you can easily buy at your destination

    Laundry on the Road

    For trips longer than a week, plan laundry:

    • Sink washing with a small amount of travel detergent
    • Laundromats in many cities
    • Hotel or lodging laundry services
    • Vacation rentals with washing machines

    Quick-drying clothing makes sink washing easier.

    A Sample One-Week Carry-On

    Category Items
    Tops 4 to 5 shirts
    Bottoms 2 pants or shorts, 1 optional skirt or dress
    Layers 1 sweater, 1 jacket worn
    Underwear and socks 5 to 7 each
    Shoes 1 worn, 1 packed
    Toiletries Liquids bag plus solids
    Tech Phone, chargers, power bank, adapter
    Documents ID, cards, confirmations

    Adjust for climate, activities and how often you plan to wash.

    Adjusting the List for Different Trips

    Business Trips

    Add one or two outfits suited to meetings and choose shoes that work with both business and casual clothing. A garment folder can help keep shirts and blazers smoother. Pack your laptop, charger and presentation materials in your personal item.

    Cold-Weather Trips

    Wear your heaviest coat and boots on the plane. Thin base layers made of merino or synthetic fabrics add warmth without bulk. A hat, gloves and a scarf take little space and make a big difference.

    Beach Trips

    Swimwear, sandals and lightweight clothing pack small. Pack sunscreen as a solid stick or in travel-size containers, or buy it on arrival.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Can I really pack for two weeks in a carry-on?

    Many travelers do by packing for about a week and doing laundry.

    What size carry-on should I buy?

    Check the limits for the airlines you fly most often. Limits vary.

    Do packing cubes save space?

    Compression cubes can save some space, but their main benefit is organization.

    Can I bring a power bank in my carry-on?

    Most airlines require power banks to be carried in the cabin. Check airline rules for capacity limits.

    How do I avoid wrinkles?

    Choose wrinkle-resistant fabrics, fold structured items and hang clothes in a steamy bathroom on arrival.

    The Bottom Line

    Carry-on travel comes down to knowing your airline’s limits, choosing a versatile clothing formula, minimizing toiletries and planning laundry. Pack for about a week, wear your bulkiest items, and keep essentials in your personal item for an easier trip.

    Editorial note: Trail Packed is independent and reader-supported. This guide is based on research into manufacturer documentation, published specifications and widely accepted best practices; we have not been paid to mention any product. If we add affiliate links in the future, they will be clearly disclosed per our Affiliate Disclosure.